Mushroom Trivia
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End Cell

(pl. End Cells)

Terms discussed: glandular dot (pl. glandular dots), glandule (pl. glandules), hyphal tip (pl. hyphal tips), scaber (pl. scabers), scabrous, seta (pl. setae)


Topics:
End cells
scabers
glandular dots
setae

See Also:
cystidium


      

End cells


Fungi are sort of constructed backwards from animals: while animals are fairly homogenous on the outside, but have all these different organs on the inside, mushrooms have all their organs on the outside, and inside they're just a solid mass of tissue. The same is true of hyphae in general: all the cells in the thread are the same, until you get to the end of the hypha (almost all the growth of the fungus takes place at the hyphal tip also).

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In recognition of their special status, the cells at the end of a hypha get a special name: end cells. Basidia, asci, and cystidia are all end cells, but are important enough to get their own entry, as do vesicles. This entry deals with the end cells that are left over.

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scaber



Image of Leccinum aurantiacum from Eugen Gramberg (1913) Pilze unserer Heimat
Leccinum aurantiacum
Some end cells are colored black and stick out of the stalk of the mushroom a little way, making the stalk look a bit like a leg that was recently shaved and is just beginning to grow its hair back. This type of end cell is called a scaber and they are typical of the genus Leccinum. A stalk that has scabers on it is (logically) said to be scabrous.

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glandular dots



Image of Suillus luteus from A. M. Hussey (1847 - 1855) Illustrations of British mycology
Suillus luteus
Another type of end cell found on the stem of a certain genus of bolete is the glandular dot, which occurs on Suillus species. The glandular dot is actually a clump of end cells, and the fungus pumps out various metabolic wastes at that point, which tends to make the glandular dot yellowish brown and sticky or resinous. Someone actually created the latinistic word "glandule" as a synonym, but I guess we're just lucky sometimes: mycology stuck with " glandular dot"

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setae



Image of Phellinus rimosus from Jean Louis Émile Boudier (1904 - 1909) Icones mycologicae ou iconographie des champignons de France, principalement Discomycètes
Phellinus rimosus
Some polypores have long, pointed brown cystidia that, for whatever reason, got named setae. They can be seen projecting from the hymenium in the microscopic view in the middle of this picture, and in close-up at the top left.

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