Roland Thaxter     (1858 - 1932)




Image of Roland Thaxter from Curtis Gates Lloyd (1898 - 1925) Mycological Notes
Roland Thaxter

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Biography
Sources
Selected publications
Genera

Biography

1858     August 28, born in Newtonville, Massachusetts

earns bachelors degree from Harvard; enters Harvard medical school

1884     switches to botany

1886     appointed assistant in botany at Harvard

1888     earns Masters, PhD, works as mycologist at Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station

1891     returns to Harvard as assistant professor of cryptogamic botany, holds an ascending series of posts

Most of Thaxter's writings are on parasitic fungi (and Oomycetes), writing a monograph on the Entomophthoraceae (parasitic on insects), and a series of 26 papers on the Laboulbeniales (also on insects) that stretched from 1890 to 1931. No one had ever noticed the Laboulbeniales before, so in a way he gets credit for the entire Order. Lloyd has a cute bit of text accompanying the photo you see, wondering what it's like to be The Man for a large group of fungi that no one else in the world knows anything about. They are really Thaxter's baby, and we're lucky that the person who discovered them was such a careful worker, as they have many different forms, male and female organs, and many other unusual features. Maybe I will snag some of his famous illustrations for inclusion in this site.

He also, in his brief career as a plant pathologist (at Connecticut), determined and described the cause of potato scab (Oospora scabies, an Oomycete), onion smut (Urocystis cepulae) and the mildew of lima beans (Phytophthora phaseoli, also an Oomycete). His doctoral dissertation was on Gymnosporangium, one of the major rust genera. Isley quotes W. H. Weston's obituary of Thaxter in Phytopatology as saying that he had an even greater impact on that field by training so many of its practitioners.

He took many collecting trips: to Europe; the Caribbean; and South America, especially Chile, which he explored all the way down to the tip of the continent. He was co-curator of the Farlow Cryptogamic Herbarium, and his personal collections are there now.
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Sources

Harry Baker Humphrey (1961) Makers of North American Botany

Heinrich Dörfelt & Heike Heklau (1998) Die Geschichte der Mykologie
      (Die Geschichte der Mykologie)


Duane Isley (1994) One Hundred and One Botanists


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Selected Publications

Roland Thaxter (1888) "The Entomophthorae of the United States" in Memoirs of the Boston Society of Natural History 4 pp. 133 - 201

Roland Thaxter (1889) "A new American Phytophthora" in Botanical Gazette 14 pp. 273 - 274

Roland Thaxter (1894) "Observations on the genus Naegelia of Reinsch" in Botanical Gazette 19:2 pp. 49 - 55

Roland Thaxter (1895) "New or peculiar aquatic fungi: 1. Monoblepharis" in Botanical Gazette 20:10 pp. 433 - 440

Roland Thaxter (1895) "New or peculiar aquatic fungi: 2. Gonapodya Fischer and Myrioblepharis nov. gen." in Botanical Gazette 20:11 pp. 477 - 485

Roland Thaxter (1895) "Contributions toward a monograph of the Laboulbeniaceae: I." in Proceedings of the National Academy of Arts and Sciences, USA 12 pp. 195 - 429
The journal title is actually given as Memoirs of the academy...

Roland Thaxter (1895) "New or Peculiar Zygomycetes: I. Dispira" in Botanical Gazette 20:12 pp. 513 - 515

Roland Thaxter (1896) "New or peculiar aquatic fungi: 3. Blastocladia" in Botanical Gazette 21:2 pp. 45 - 52

Roland Thaxter (1896) "New or peculiar aquatic fungi: 4. Rhipidium, Sapromyces, and Araiospora, nov. gen." in Botanical Gazette 21:6 pp. 317 - 331

Roland Thaxter (1897) "New or Peculiar Zygomycetes: II. Syncephalastrum and Syncephalis" in Botanical Gazette 24:1 pp. 1 - 15

Roland Thaxter (1903) "Notes on Monoblepharis" in Rhodora 5 pp. 103 - 108

Roland Thaxter (1908) "Contributions toward a monograph of the Laboulbeniaceae: II." in Proceedings of the National Academy of Arts and Sciences, USA 13 pp. 219 - 469

Roland Thaxter (1914) "Laboulbeniales parasitic on Chrysomelidae" in Proceedings of the National Academy of Arts and Sciences, USA 50:2

Roland Thaxter (1914) "New or Peculiar Zygomycetes: III. Blakeslea, Dissophora and Haplosporangium, Nova Genera" in Botanical Gazette 58:4 pp. 353 - 366

Roland Thaxter (1918) "New Laboulbeniales from Chile and New Zealand" in Proceedings of the National Academy of Arts and Sciences, USA 54 pp. 207 - 232

William Gilson Farlow, Liberty Hyde Bailey & Roland Thaxter (1919) "George Francis Atkinson" in American Journal of Botany

Roland Thaxter (1920) "New Dimorphomyceteae" in Proceedings of the National Academy of Arts and Sciences, USA 55 pp. 211 - 282

Roland Thaxter (1922) "A revision of the Endogoneae" in Proceedings of the National Academy of Arts and Sciences, USA 57:12 pp. 289 - 350

Roland Thaxter (1924) "Contributions toward a monograph of the Laboulbeniaceae: III." in Proceedings of the National Academy of Arts and Sciences, USA 14 pp. 309 - 426

Roland Thaxter (1926) "Contributions toward a monograph of the Laboulbeniaceae: IV." in Proceedings of the National Academy of Arts and Sciences, USA 15:4 pp. 427 - 500

Roland Thaxter (1931) "Contributions toward a monograph of the Laboulbeniaceae: V." in Proceedings of the National Academy of Arts and Sciences, USA 16:1 pp. 1 - 435


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Genera

Araispora Thaxter
Blakeslea Thaxter
Dimeromyces Thaxter
Helicocephalum Thaxter
Herpomyces Thaxter
Hesperomyces Thaxter
Medeolaria Thaxter
Sigmoideomyces Thaxter

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